如何在Haskell中打印列表的单个元素?
我是 Haskell 的初学者,我想知道是否可以打印给定列表的单个元素。我尝试解决这个问题,但失败了。这是代码:
main :: IO()
main = do
let list = [1,2,3]
let size = length list
let temp = print_elem list size
print temp
print_elem :: [Int] -> Int -> Int
print_elem xs x = do
let size = length xs
let idx = size - x
let element = xs !! idx
putStr (show element)
putStr(" ")
let dummy = print_elem (xs (x-1))
return " "
我想打印这样的东西
1 2 3
如果我只是使用putStr (show list)它会显示[1,2,3],我不想要那样。
但是当我运行这段代码时会出现多个错误
printelem.hs:14:5: error:
* Couldn't match expected type `Int' with actual type `IO b0'
* In a stmt of a 'do' block: putStr (show element)
In the expression:
do let size = length xs
let idx = size - x
let element = xs !! idx
putStr (show element)
....
In an equation for `print_elem':
print_elem xs x
= do let size = ...
let idx = ...
let element = ...
....
|
14 | putStr (show element)
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
printelem.hs:16:29: error:
* Couldn't match expected type `Int -> [Int]'
with actual type `[Int]'
* The function `xs' is applied to one argument,
but its type `[Int]' has none
In the first argument of `print_elem', namely `(xs (x - 1))'
In the expression: print_elem (xs (x - 1))
|
16 | let dummy = print_elem (xs (x-1))
| ^^^^^^^^
你如何解决这个问题?
回答
你想得太急切了。首先,您需要一个字符串列表,而不是整数列表。那是map:
> map show [1,2,3]
["1","2","3"]
接下来,您想将它们连接成一个单独的、以空格分隔的字符串。那是Data.List.intercalate:
> import Data.List
> intercalate " " (map show [1,2,3])
"1 2 3"
然后你可以传递给putStrLn(print会给你你已经拥有的字符串的字符串表示):
import Data.List
main :: IO()
main = do
let list = [1,2,3]
putStrLn (intercalate " " (map show list))