MFC – 多线程
Microsoft基础类(MFC)库为多线程应用程序提供支持.线程是进程内的执行路径.当您启动记事本时,操作系统会创建一个进程并开始执行该进程的主线程.当此线程终止时,该过程也会终止.
如果需要,您可以在应用程序中创建其他线程. MFC应用程序中的所有线程都由CWinThread对象表示.在大多数情况下,您甚至不必显式创建这些对象;而是调用框架帮助函数AfxBeginThread,它为您创建CWinThread对象.
让我们通过创建一个新的基于MFC对话框的应用程序来查看一个简单的例子.
第1步 : 将静态控件的标题和ID更改为分别单击开始线程按钮和 IDC_STATIC_TEXT .
步骤2 : 拖动两个按钮并为这些按钮添加单击事件处理程序.

第3步 : 为静态文本控件添加控制变量.
步骤4 : 现在在CMFCMultithreadingDlg.cpp文件的开头添加以下三个全局变量.
int currValue; int maxValue; BOOL stopNow;
第5步 : 在CMFCMultithreadingDlg类中添加WM_TIMER消息.
这是OnTimer()的实现
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent) {
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
CString sStatusMsg;
sStatusMsg.Format(L"Running: %d", currValue);
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(sStatusMsg);
CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
第6步 : 现在添加一个样本函数,用于在CMFCMultithreadingDlg类中使用AfxBeginThread.
UINT MyThreadProc(LPVOID Param) {
while (!stopNow && (currValue < maxValue)) {
currValue++;
Sleep(50); // would do some work here
}
return TRUE;
}
第7步 : 下面是Start Thread按钮的事件处理程序的实现,它将启动线程.
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart() {
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
currValue = 0;
maxValue = 5000;
stopNow = 0;
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(L"Starting...");
SetTimer(1234, 333, 0); // 3 times per second
AfxBeginThread(MyThreadProc, 0); // <<== START THE THREAD
}
步骤8 : 这是Stop Thread按钮的事件处理程序的实现,它将停止该线程.
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop() {
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
stopNow = TRUE;
KillTimer(1234);
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(L"Stopped");
}
第9步 : 这是完整的源文件.
// MFCMultithreadingDlg.cpp : implementation file
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "MFCMultithreading.h"
#include "MFCMultithreadingDlg.h"
#include "afxdialogex.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif
// CMFCMultithreadingDlg dialog
int currValue;
int maxValue;
BOOL stopNow;
CMFCMultithreadingDlg::CMFCMultithreadingDlg(CWnd* pParent /* = NULL*/)
: CDialogEx(IDD_MFCMULTITHREADING_DIALOG, pParent) {
m_hIcon = AfxGetApp() -> LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
}
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX) {
CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);
DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_STATIC_TEXT, m_ctrlStatus);
}
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMFCMultithreadingDlg, CDialogEx)
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()
ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_START,
&CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart)
ON_WM_TIMER()
ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_STOP,
&CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
// CMFCMultithreadingDlg message handlers
BOOL CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnInitDialog() {
CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();
// Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically
// when the application's main window is not a dialog
SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE); // Set big icon
SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE); // Set small icon
// TODO: Add extra initialization here
return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control
}
// If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below
// to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,
// this is automatically done for you by the framework.
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnPaint() {
if (IsIconic()) {
CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting
SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND,
reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);
// Center icon in client rectangle
int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);
int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);
CRect rect;
GetClientRect(&rect);
int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;
int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;
// Draw the icon
dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);
}else {
CDialogEx::OnPaint();
}
}
// The system calls this function to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags
// the minimized window.
HCURSOR CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnQueryDragIcon() {
return static_cast<HCURSOR>(m_hIcon);
}
UINT /*CThreadDlg::*/MyThreadProc(LPVOID Param) //Sample function for using in
AfxBeginThread {
while (!stopNow && (currValue < maxValue)) {
currValue++;
Sleep(50); // would do some work here
}
return TRUE;
}
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart() {
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
currValue = 0;
maxValue = 5000;
stopNow = 0;
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(L"Starting...");
SetTimer(1234, 333, 0); // 3 times per second
AfxBeginThread(MyThreadProc, 0); // <<== START THE THREAD
}
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent) {
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
CString sStatusMsg;
sStatusMsg.Format(L"Running: %d", currValue);
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(sStatusMsg);
CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
void CMFCMultithreadingDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop() {
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
stopNow = TRUE;
KillTimer(1234);
m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(L"Stopped"); m_ctrlStatus.SetWindowText(L"已停止");
}
第10步 : 编译并执行上面的代码时,您将看到以下输出.

步骤11 : 现在点击Start Thread按钮.

第12步 : 单击"停止线程"按钮.它将停止该线程.
