如何在alpine:latestimage中使用rc-service命令启动Nginx服务器
我正在尝试Nginx使用apline:latest图像创建自己的图像，在修复了很多错误之后，多亏了互联网，我设法做到了并且一切正常，但是问题是当我运行以下命令时：
rc-service nginx status
* status: stopped
当我尝试启动服务时，这就是它给我的内容，如下所示：
rc-service nginx start
* WARNING: nginx is already starting
即使服务停止，第二个命令的输出告诉它已经启动？！
于是我打开了我的docker-machine的localhost来验证服务是开启还是关闭，成功出现nginx html页面。
我尝试运行rc-service nginx reload，结果如下：
rc-service nginx reload
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/devices/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_prio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/pids/tasks: Read-only file system
* nginx: cannot `reload' as it has not been started
这是输出nginx -t：
nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
这是less /var/log/nginx/error.log如下所示的输出，没有错误：
less: can't open '/var/log/nginx/error.log': No such file or directory
这是我的 dockerfile ：
From alpine:latest
COPY nginx.conf ./tmp
COPY index.html ./tmp
COPY run.bash ./tmp
COPY run2.bash ./tmp
RUN apk update &&
apk add nginx &&
adduser -D -g 'www' www &&
mkdir /www &&
chown -R www:www /var/lib/nginx &&
chown -R www:www /www &&
mv /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.orig &&
apk add openrc --no-cache &&
sh tmp/run.bash
cmd sh tmp/run2.bash
运行.bash：
mv tmp/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
mv tmp/index.html /www/index.html
运行2.bash：
mkdir /run/openrc
touch /run/openrc/softlevel
mkdir -p /run/nginx
nginx
sh
这是我遵循的指南：
https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Nginx
我想知道为什么rc-service nginx reload即使我的 nginx 服务在我的 docker 机器上完美运行也不起作用，以及为什么rc-service nginx status即使没有停止 nginx 服务也告诉我nginx 服务已停止？
并提前致谢。
顺便说一句，当我运行此命令时nginx -s reload，它可以正常工作而没有任何错误。
回答
经过调试和大量的反复试验，我找到了一个完美的解决方案，至少对我来说，David Maze 的回答非常有帮助，但为了测试目的，我需要我的 shell 可以访问，因为当你运行时nginx -g "daemon off;"你无法访问你的容器 shell除非你停止命令进程。
无论何时我使用以下命令启动我的容器：
docker run -it -p 80:80 -p 443:443 alpine:latest
我们访问容器外壳，我们需要下载nginx服务器，并openrc能够使用rc-service命令行。
/ # apk update
/ # apk add nginx openrc
#答案 1
现在我们将使用以下命令测试 nginx 服务器是否有错误：
/ # nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: [emerg] open() "/run/nginx/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
正如您从我们得到的输出中看到的那样，它告诉您将创建丢失的文件或目录，因此让我们创建该目录：
/ # ls -la run/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 16 10:31 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:12 ..
/ # mkdir /run/nginx/
我们给那个目录，我们创建了一些权限：
/ # chown -R nginx:nginx /run/nginx/
/ # chmod 775 /run/nginx/
/ # ls -la /run/
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:12 ..
drwxrwxr-x 2 nginx nginx 4096 Jan 16 08:15 nginx
现在我们对 nginx 很好：
/ # nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
让我们测试我们的 nginx 服务是否使用rc-service命令启动：
/ # rc-service nginx status
* You are attempting to run an openrc service on a
* system which openrc did not boot.
* You may be inside a chroot or you may have used
* another initialization system to boot this system.
* In this situation, you will get unpredictable results!
* If you really want to do this, issue the following command:
* touch /run/openrc/softlevel
所以从上面的输出我们看到我们有两个问题，openrc没有启动，还有一个丢失的文件softlevel：
/ # ls -la /run/
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:12 ..
drwxrwxr-x 2 nginx nginx 4096 Jan 16 08:22 nginx
让我们通过openrc简单地输入它本身来启动我们的系统：
/ # openrc
* Caching service dependencies ...
Service `hwdrivers' needs non existent service `dev'
/ # ls -la /run/
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:12 ..
drwxrwxr-x 2 nginx nginx 4096 Jan 16 08:22 nginx
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 openrc
/ # ls -la /run/openrc/
total 64
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 daemons
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 Jan 16 08:29 depconfig
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2895 Jan 16 08:29 deptree
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 exclusive
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 failed
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 hotplugged
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 inactive
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 options
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 scheduled
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 started
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 starting
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 stopping
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 16 08:29 wasinactive
现在我们创建丢失的文件：
/ # touch /run/openrc/softlevel
现在我们的rc-service命令完美运行：
/ # rc-service nginx status
* status: stopped
让我们启动我们的服务器：
/ # rc-service nginx start
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/devices/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_prio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/pids/tasks: Read-only file system
* Starting nginx ... [ ok ]
检查它是否已启动：
/ # rc-service nginx status
* status: started
#答案2
或者您可以简单地调用这两个命令行：
/ # openrc
* Caching service dependencies ...
Service `hwdrivers' needs non existent service `dev' [ ok ]
/ # touch /run/openrc/softlevel
现在你可以启动你的 nginx 服务器了 🙂
/ # rc-service nginx status
* status: stopped
/ # rc-service nginx start
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/devices/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/net_prio/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event/tasks: Read-only file system
/lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh: line 100: can't create /sys/fs/cgroup/pids/tasks: Read-only file system
* /run/nginx: creating directory
* /run/nginx: correcting owner
* Starting nginx ... [ ok ]
/ # rc-service nginx status
* status: started
希望我很清楚。
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