C# – 接口
接口被定义为一个语法合约,继承接口的所有类都应该遵循.界面定义了语法契约的'what'部分,派生类定义了语法契约的'how'部分.
接口定义属性,方法和事件,它们是接口的成员.接口仅包含成员的声明.派生类负责定义成员.它通常有助于提供派生类将遵循的标准结构.
抽象类在某种程度上起到相同的作用,但是,它们主要用于仅宣布少数方法的情况由基类和派生类实现功能.
声明接口
使用interface关键字声明接口.它类似于类声明.接口语句默认是公共的.以下是接口声明的示例 :
public interface ITransactions {
// interface members
void showTransaction();
double getAmount();
}
示例
以下示例演示了上述接口的实现 :
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System;
namespace InterfaceApplication {
public interface ITransactions {
// interface members
void showTransaction();
double getAmount();
}
public class Transaction : ITransactions {
private string tCode;
private string date;
private double amount;
public Transaction() {
tCode = " ";
date = " ";
amount = 0.0;
}
public Transaction(string c, string d, double a) {
tCode = c;
date = d;
amount = a;
}
public double getAmount() {
return amount;
}
public void showTransaction() {
Console.WriteLine("Transaction: {0}", tCode);
Console.WriteLine("Date: {0}", date);
Console.WriteLine("Amount: {0}", getAmount());
}
}
class Tester {
static void Main(string[] args) {
Transaction t1 = new Transaction("001", "8/10/2012", 78900.00);
Transaction t2 = new Transaction("002", "9/10/2012", 451900.00);
t1.showTransaction();
t2.showTransaction();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 :
Transaction: 001 Date: 8/10/2012 Amount: 78900 Transaction: 002 Date: 9/10/2012 Amount: 451900